Game Smartz

Genetics and DNA

Science

Genetics and DNA Chapter Video

Genetics and DNA Chapter Video

allele

an alternate form of a gene for a specific trait
allele Simple Definition

cloning

the asexual process of producing an identical copy of the parent cell
cloning Simple Definition

codominance

a condition where both alleles are expressed in a phenotype
codominance Simple Definition

DNA

deoxyribonucleic acid or ‘DNA’, carries an organism's genetic information
DNA Simple Definition

dominant trait

a trait of an allele that masks the other trait
dominant trait Simple Definition

fertilization

when a male reproductive cell (sperm) joins with a female reproductive cell (egg)
fertilization Simple Definition

gene

the part of a chromosome that contains the DNA for a specific trait
gene Simple Definition

genetic disorder

an inherited condition caused by a gene or a chromosome mutation
genetic disorder Simple Definition

genetic engineering

the process of changing the DNA of an organism
genetic engineering Simple Definition

genetics

the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring
genetics Simple Definition

genome

all the genetic material contained in an organism’s DNA
genome Simple Definition

heredity

the passing of traits from parent to offspring
heredity Simple Definition

heterozygous

two different alleles for a trait
heterozygous Simple Definition

homozygous

two identical alleles for a trait
homozygous Simple Definition

hybrid

the offspring of parents that have different forms of a trait
hybrid Simple Definition

multiple allele

three or more alleles of the same gene
multiple allele Simple Definition

mutation

a change in a cell’s DNA
mutation Simple Definition

pedigree

a chart that shows the genetic traits in several generations of a family
pedigree Simple Definition

punnett square

a model that predicts offspring
punnett square Simple Definition

recessive trait

a trait that is masked from a dominant allele
recessive trait Simple Definition

RNA

ribonucleic acid or RNA, a molecule that aids in protein synthesis
RNA Simple Definition

selective breeding

the breeding of plants or animals to produce desired traits
selective breeding Simple Definition

sex chromosome

a chromosome that determines an individuals sex
sex chromosome Simple Definition

sex linked gene

a gene that is located on a sex chromosome
sex linked gene Simple Definition

Related Chapters